II. VERBS (mpanga).
Note :
At the insistent request of some English-speaking visitors, I was forced to translate this lexicon from French to English. It’s a colossal job that took me a lot of time, I applied myself and tried to do my best. Despite this, since English is not my usual language, there could be some translation errors here and there. If you find any, do not hesitate to report them to me by writing to me through the contact page of this website.
Thank you in advance !
The list of verbs is not exhaustive, to this list it is necessary to add all the verbs derived from certain verbs in this list according to the following rules:
- by replacing the letter “a” ending of the verb by “isa” if it is not preceded by the letter “l”, otherwise the ending “la” is replaced by “disa”.
In both cases, the meaning of the verb becomes (to make “verb”) or (action of helping to make “verb”), Example 1 case 1: kututa (to crush) which becomes kututisa (to make crush).
Example 2 case 1: kudia (to eat) which becomes kudisa (to make eating or to feed), the letter “i” before the “a” is swallowed to give “isa”.
Case example 2: kutala (to look) which becomes kutadisa (to help to look).
- by replacing the letter “a” ending of the verb by “ila” if it is not preceded by the letter “l”, otherwise the ending “la” is replaced by “dila”.
In both cases the meaning of the verb becomes (“verb” for or to),
Example 1 case 2: kututa (to crush) which becomes kututila (to crush for) and kutambika (to send) which becomes kutambikila (to send to).
Example 2 case 2: kudia (to eat) which becomes kudila (to eat for, even if you don’t eat for someone), the letter “i” before the “a” is swallowed to give “ila”.
Example 3 case 2: kusola (to choose) which becomes kusodila (to choose for).
- by replacing the letter “a” ending of the verb by “ina”, in this case the meaning of the verb becomes (to undergo the “verb”) or (“verb” for or to),
Example 1 case 3: kunoka (to rain) in kunokina mvula (to undergo the rain).
Example 2 case 3: kusonika (to write) in kusonikina (to write for or to),
4) by adding the suffix “ma” to the verb, in this case the meaning of the verb becomes (to be “verb participle” or to be made “verb”).
Example: kutunga (to build) which becomes kutungama (to be built or to be built).
5) by adding the suffix “na” to the verb, in which case the initial verb is transformed into a pronominal verb, the verb refers mutually to two persons towards each other.
Example: kuzonza (to speak) which becomes kuzonzana (to speak between two people).
Particularity: the suffix “sana“ added to the verb transforms the initial verb into a pronominal verb, this time referring reciprocally to the members of an entire group or set.
Example: kuzola (to love) that becomes kuzolasana (to love each other).
6) by interposing the syllable “ki” between the prefix “ku” of the verb and its radical, in this case the action of the verb is reflected to the subject himself, this means that it is transformed into a pronominal verb (“verb” oneself). Example: kutala (to look) which becomes kukitala (to look at oneself).
All derived verbs that are not included in the list can be reconstructed according to these rules.
In this section, the verbs are divided into 9 parts accessible through the sub-menu associated with this page and which appears when you point to the title of the current page in the main menu of the Kikongo space. You can then access the list of verbs in this lexicon through the following 9 subsections :
1) Part 1/9 (b-de)
2) Part 2/9 (di-g)
3) Part 3/9 (h-ku)
4) Part 4/9 (l-ng)
5) Part 5/9 (ni-se)
6) Part 6/9 (si-te)
7) Part 7/9 (ti-vi)
8) Part 8/9 (vo-ye)
9) Part 9/9 (yi-z)
